Detoxification methods during various intoxications

1. Big picture

Detoxification in acute poisoning means: reduce further toxin entry, neutralize the toxin if possible, and accelerate elimination when needed.

For the exam, think in this order:

Poisoned patient
↓
ABCDE stabilization first
↓
Identify toxin / toxidrome / ECG / acid-base pattern
↓
Choose detoxification method:
1. Remove toxin from body surface or environment
2. Prevent gastrointestinal absorption
3. Give antidote or reversal agent
4. Enhance elimination
↓
Monitor for delayed toxicity and complications

Core principle: Do not “detoxify” before stabilizing. A patient can die from airway obstruction, respiratory depression, shock, seizures, arrhythmia, hypoglycemia, or hyperthermia before the toxin level is even known.

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